How Does Activated Carbon Filter Work?

Activated carbon filter is a more commonly used water treatment equipment, as a pre-treatment of water treatment desalination system can adsorb the residual chlorine that can not be removed in the former filtration, which can effectively ensure the service life of the latter equipment, improve the water quality, prevent pollution, especially to prevent the pollution of the latter reverse osmosis membrane, ion exchange resin and other free state residual chlorine poisoning.

Working principle

Activated carbon is mainly made of organic materials rich in carbon such as coal, wood and fruit shells, which are activated to form a complex pore structure with adsorption capacity. The pores with a radius greater than 20,000nm are macroporous, those between 150-20,000nm are mesoporous, and those less than 150nm are microporous. The adsorption of activated carbon mainly takes place in these pores and surfaces. The large number of molecules on the pore walls of activated carbon can generate a strong gravitational force to attract water and air impurities to the pores.

The adsorption of activated carbon can be divided into physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Physical adsorption mainly occurs in the rich micro-pores of activated carbon for removing impurities from water and air, which must have a molecular diameter smaller than the pore diameter of activated carbon.

Different raw materials and processing processes result in different microporous structures, specific surface areas and pore sizes of activated carbon, which are suitable for different needs. Activated carbon not only contains carbon elements, but also contains functional groups on its surface, which react chemically with the adsorbed substances, thus with the adsorbed substances often occurring on the surface of activated carbon.

The impurities in the medium continuously enter the porous structure of activated carbon through physical adsorption and chemical adsorption, so that the adsorption of activated carbon is saturated and the adsorption effect decreases. After saturation, activated carbon needs to be regenerated to restore its adsorption capacity and be reused.

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